In May 2004, discussions were held with a group of Israelis, Palestinians and international officials and experts to address the aspects of third party involvement during the period of Israeli withdrawal from Palestinean territory. The following report is a reflection of the issues discussed and incorporates many of the ideas contributed by the participants. It identifies current strategic aspects on an Israeli withdrawal; describes the operating environment for a third party; outlines the potential nature of international involvement in the border regime, in Palestinian governance and in the transfer of asset in the Gaza Strip; and concludes with general planning factors and considerations.