Hello World! (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Ask children to share what languages they know.
• Brainstorm all the languages that the children have heard and make a list of the languages.
• Play Hello Around the World for the children, and then add any new languages from the video onto the class brainstorm list!

What is Language? (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Discuss what is a language, why we need it and what happens when you don’t understand.
  • Talk about what would happen if we didn’t have languages. How would we ask friends for help? How would we say hello to our families?
  • Emphasize that language is the main way humans share ideas with one another!
• Discuss that computers also use languages.
  • What languages do computers use? Computer languages are called programming languages, and different computers use different programming languages.
  • Have children heard of any programming languages before? If so, what are examples of programming languages children have heard? (C, JAVA, etc.)?

Note: If children ask about smart speakers etc.: Explain that with Siri, Alexa, Google etc. the computers don’t actually speak English, but someone translated English into the computer’s language.

Structure Challenge

A New Language (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Share that you know one programming language called “ScratchJr.”
• Share your ScratchJr project with the class.
  • Note: Make sure to show the code, and not only the stage.
• Explain that the blocks they see all together are a code. In ScratchJr, Blocks are like the words of the language. When we put them together we make sentences, or codes, which basically tell a computer what to do.
• Ask children guiding questions about how to explore the app:
  • Point to the programming area of the screen: How many colors do you see here?
  • Tap on each color: When I tap on each color, I get to see more blocks of that color! How many blocks does each color have?
  • Select a Start Block and an Action Block: Why are some blocks shaped differently than others?
  • Select two different motion Blocks: Do you have any guesses as to what the pictures on these blocks mean?
  • Point to the staging area: What else do you see on other parts of the screen?
• Explain that next time children will learn how to program with ScratchJr.

Hello Around the World (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Use the Speech Bubble Block from ScratchJr that says “hello” in different languages..  
• Read out loud and have children guess which one is in which language. (E.g., Hello - English, Hola - Spanish, etc.)
• Have children open their Design Journals to Lesson 1 Design Journal and have children practice their letters by writing down 3 of the new ways to say hello, make sure to display the different words clearly.

Goodbye Around the World  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Bring back the list of all the different languages you made at the beginning of class. Make sure to add ScratchJr to the bottom of the list if you haven’t done so already. As a group, choose one language that you want to say goodbye in and teach the children how to say goodbye in that language using the Goodbye Translation List provided!

Compliment Game (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Everyone goes around and says one nice thing about the person sitting next to them. Children can compliment something another child does, or something they find interesting about their peers (clothing, interests, hobbies, etc.). The teacher can start the game by complimenting the child next to them with something like, “I like that you always raise your hand in class time.”

Introduction to Programming (Suggested time: 15 minutes)

• Remind children that we will be learning about a programming language called ScratchJr. Explain that this class will teach how to become a Programmer. What is a programmer? A programmer is someone that writes instructions for computers to make them work!

Programmer Says (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Tell children that this class is all about learning to be a programmer, and one game they’ll play a lot is Programmer Says. Programmer Says is just like Simon Says but the Programmer is telling us what to do. Later on in the curriculum we will play Programmer Says with ScratchJr blocks and written programs, but for today we’ll just play it verbally like Simon Says. 
  • Teacher gives instructions by saying “Programmer says _______.” (E.g., “Programmer says touch your nose”). All children complete the task. Then, the teacher says an instruction without saying “Programmer says” (E.g., “Touch your nose”). When the Programmer is not mentioned, children do not do the task.
• Start with the teacher being the Programmer and then give a few children a turn.

Respecting Our Tools (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Discuss: Tell the children how our rules help us respect each other and our tools. Explain to the children what respect means, and how treating our tools with care is a form of respect. Our main tool for this class is a tablet. Introduce the tablet and explain how to handle it safely: hold with two hands, use while sitting down, no running with tablets.
• Activity: Give the children a chance to decide what are safe and unsafe ways to hold the tablet. Model the following behaviors and let children give thumbs up for good tablet behavior and thumbs down for bad tablet behavior.
  • Hold the tablet while jumping up and down or running (thumbs down).
  • Place the tablet down and then walk away (thumbs up).
  • Hold the tablet with one hand (thumbs down).
  • Hold the tablet on your head (thumbs down).
  • Work on a tablet in your lap or on a table (thumbs up).

Clean-Up Song  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Introduce the tablet Clean-Up Song and talk about where children will store their tablets after class.

(to the tune of the Itsy Bitsy Spider)

We're turning off our tablets and putting them away

We had so much fun but we're finished for the day

We're using both our hands and we walk instead of run

We put away our tablets and now the song is done

Word Scramble  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Remind children that ScratchJr is a programming language: a language we use to talk to computers. Explain that all different types of languages need words to be put in a certain order to make sense
• Use Cut Out Words of the sentence (“The cat is on the mat”), scramble them, and read out/have someone read the scrambled sentence (e.g, “mat the on is cat the”)
• Discuss if this makes sense and ask children to put the words into the right order.
• Explain that language needs to be in the right order to be understood.

Human and Computer Language  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Computer language is all about giving instructions. When a human is talking to another human they can ask questions, tell stories, give instructions, tell jokes, etc. but when a human is talking to a computer they can only give instructions.
• Computer instructions are called algorithms. 
• Explain that algorithms are a sequence of steps in the right order.
• Go over an example with the children: Washing your hands
  • Instructions: If a human were telling another human to wash their hands, they’d know what to do! 
  • Algorithm: Now pretend a computer has hands! If a human were telling a computer to wash their hands, the computer would have no idea what to do! You’d need to tell them each step in the right order
    • Walk to the sink 
    • Turn on the water
    • Put your hands under the water 
    • Put soap on your hands
    • Scrub and rinse
    • Take hands out of water 
    • Turn off sink 
    • Dry hands 

Design Journal L3

• Remind children how important it is to put things in the correct order when giving instructions. Have children open their Design Journals to Lesson 3 and decide the right order to brush your teeth by circling the appropriate image for the first, second, third, and last step.

Program the Teacher  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Tell children that the teacher will now be the computer and they will get to program them! Remind them that they need to say all the steps in the right order! 
• Children will be responsible for verbally directing their teacher to special destinations in the classroom (e.g., to a bookcase or a closet) or doing a task (e.g., making a sandwich)
• The instructions the children give to the teacher must be specific. For example, children should not simply say, “Move forward.” They should instead say, “Move forward ____ steps.”  or “Put the peanut butter on the bread” should be “Open the peanut butter jar and use your knife to scoop the peanut butter onto the bread”
  • The teacher should “misinterpret” the childrens’ answers based on lack of specificity. For example, if the child tells the teacher to turn, the teacher can spin in a full circle.
• Discuss how important it is to be specific and how important order is in programming.

Structure Challenge

What is Cat Doing?  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Share your ScratchJr project again with the class. This time, show the code and explain that the blocks are in a particular order so that they do exactly what we want them to do! When we order the blocks in a certain way, it is an algorithm.
• Have children look at the program and guess what the instructions will tell your character(s) to do.

Programming Clean-Up (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Remind children of the Clean Up Song and the rules they learned in the first class and then have the children program the teacher to put away their tablet. 

(to the tune of the Itsy Bitsy Spider)

We're turning off our tablets and putting them away

We had so much fun but we're finished for the day

We're using both our hands and we walk instead of run

We put away our tablets and now the song is done

Who Is A Programmer? (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Illustrate that programmers can be of all different backgrounds (gender, race, ethnicity, age) with pictures (including one of yourself!) 
  • Ask children: “What do you think these people have in common?”
  • Answer: They’re all programmers.
• Explain that today, everyone will be a programmer!

Introducing ScratchJr  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Explain that when we use computers, we use both hardware (the objects associated with coding, in this case, the tablet) and software (the computer programs associated with coding, in this case, the ScratchJr app.
• Review how to handle the tablet safely with two hands.
• Show children how to open ScratchJr and create a project.
  • Open the ScratchJr app.

• • Click the plus sign to open a new project under "My Projects"

• • Show children the Stage (where the character is and the action happens), Blocks Palette (where the blocks are), and the Programming Area (where the character’s actions are stored in order).

Structure Challenge

Explore ScratchJr  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Explore the platform with children as they discover parts of ScratchJr and introduce important vocabulary (stage, programming area, programming script, etc.). Use the ScratchJr Interface Guide to point out interface features.

Saving Projects (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Guide children in saving a project under a name using the steps below:
  • Open the project you want to share. 
  • Tap the yellow rectangle in the top right corner of the screen to see the Project Information Screen

• • Type a specific name for this project (e.g. “Dance Party”). If children are still developing their typing skills, you can invite them to type something simple like their own name, and you can rename the project when you receive it.

Expressive Explorations

Free Play  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Children play around and explore the ScratchJr interface further.

New Discoveries  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Everyone shares one new thing they discovered when looking at ScratchJr today!
• Have children sing the tablet Clean Up Song.

(to the tune of the Itsy Bitsy Spider)

We're turning off our tablets and putting them away

We had so much fun but we're finished for the day

We're using both our hands and we walk instead of run

We put away our tablets and now the song is done

Stop and Go  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Show Pictures of Signs 
  • Ask children if they know what each sign means?
  • First sign means STOP.
  • Second sign means GO.
• Show a picture or two of a street and go on a Scavenger Hunt for other symbols
  • Ask children to look around the picture and locate other signs on the street.

ScratchJr Symbols  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Start the conversation by discussing how we know what street signs mean. Ask children “How did you know it meant STOP?” Prompt them to notice the color and shape of the street signs.
• Then ask children “How do you know what ScratchJr blocks mean? What clues can you find about what they do?”
  • Shapes: Pull up a Start Block, an Action Block, and an End Block. Discuss the shapes of blocks and ask if the shapes mean anything?
  • Colors: Discuss the significance of the block colors. Explain that each color represents a certain type of block (e.g., blue = motion, green = sound, pink = appearance).
  • Pictures: What do the pictures tell us?
• Discuss the importance of the Start on Green Flag Block and the End Block. These blocks have specific purposes within the programming language. They are like the front and back covers on a book! All the motion, appearance, and sound are the middle of the sandwich and they need two pieces of break to keep it all together: a start and an end!

Structure Challenge:

ScratchJr Program Introduction  (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Show simple motion blocks to the class and introduce how to make a program on ScratchJr using the steps below:
  • Drag blocks into the programming area and tap on them to show how Cat moves. Some important motion blocks are left, right, up, down, turn left/right, and jump.

• • Show how to snap Programming Blocks together to make a sequence of movements.

• • Demonstrate how to create a program using Start and End Blocks that runs by clicking the green flag. All programs need a Start and End block. The Start block is like a capital letter at the beginning of a sentence, and the End block is like the period at the end of the sentence.

• • Demonstrate how to present a program in Presentation mode, which makes their ScratchJr project fill the screen. To run your program in presentation mode, children will need to press the green flag in the top right corner. See the example below of a project in presentation mode (note the green flag in the top right corner).
• 
  • Please also note how the Programming Blocks are not visible in Presentation mode. For project shares, encourage children to share their ScratchJr projects, as well as show the class their code.

Expressive Exploration:

Free Play (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Encourage children to use the new blocks they just learned to make Cat do different things using motion blocks! 

Share Creations  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children share their projects from free play.
• Discuss sharing procedures - (e.g., listening while others are presenting). Remind the children of the class value “Respect” that was discussed on the first day! Also encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

Programmer Says  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Use the ScratchJr Block Cut Outs for this activity to focus on step by step instructions and order matters. 
• This activity is played like the traditional Simon Says game, in which children repeat an action if Simon says to do something. Briefly introduce each programming instruction and what it means (use only the blocks listed in the ScratchJr Block Cut Outs).
• Have the class stand up. Hold up one big ScratchJr Block Cut Outs at a time and say, “Programmer says to (Name Motion).” Intermittently, hold up the block and say “(Name Motion)” without saying “Programmer Says.” Children should complete the motion when the programmer says to, but should remain still when the teacher does not say “Programmer says.” Repeat each block multiple times.

Designing A Program  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Explain that now that the class has reviewed all these new blocks they played with last time, we’re going to use the blocks to tell a story! To do this we have to decide on an action we want to program, and maybe even change the character to go along with the scene!

Structure Challenge

Adding a new character:  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Show children how to add a new character using the steps below:
  • Tap on plus sign to the left side of the screen.

• • Select the desired character and tap the check mark to continue.

• • Drag it around the stage area to place it in the desired location.

To remove a character, press and hold your finger on the box with the character's name on it. A red “x” will appear at the top of the character box.

Adding Your Name (Suggested Time 5 minutes)

• After adding a new character, show children how to add their name to a program using the following steps.
  • Use the Add Text tool button to create a text box on the screen.

• • Using the device keyboard, children can type their name.

• • When they finish, they can drag the text box around the screen.
•  Note: Characters can be moved and programmed; Backgrounds cannot.

Lesson 6 Check for Understanding: Before starting a project, check your children's understanding of the new concepts they’ve just learned. Read each question to the children and have the children respond with a thumbs up for “yes” or a thumbs down for “no.” Stop and re-explain concepts as needed.

Expressive Explorations:

Blast Off!  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children will make their first program using the blocks they’ve learned so far (Start on Green Flag Block, Motion Blocks, and the End Block) and the rocket character. In ScratchJr have children create their own rocket ship taking off.
• Have children add their names to their projects.

Share Creations  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Go around and have children play their rocketship programs for the class.

Activity Variation  

• Programmer Says: The programmer can give full programs (e.g., Start, Forward, End). Children can only go if the program has a start AND the programmer says “Programmer says.” This can help reinforce the concept that ScratchJr is programmed by humans.

Virtual Learning

• Programmer Says: children may pick an object at their house to hold in front of the camera and use to complete motion tasks if they’re not able to get up and move around.

Teddy Bear Jump Rope (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Teach the Teddy Bear jump rope rhyme and movements to children. Children can stand up and jump and dance along as if they have jump ropes. Display the Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear Slide.

  Teddy bear, teddy bear, turn around.

  Teddy bear, teddy bear, touch the ground.

  Teddy bear, teddy bear, jump up high.

  Teddy bear, teddy bear, touch the sky!

Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear Movements (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Explain to children that today they will create a program in ScratchJr to go along with the jump rope rhyme Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear.
• Tell the children that they will learn how to make their own teddy bear character. Then they will program their bear to do the Teddy Bear chant.
• Help the children translate the movements into ScratchJr symbols.
  • Use ScratchJr Block Cut Outs to help brainstorm (or think of lots of ideas) the different blocks children could use to program the Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear

Structure Challenge:

Paint Editor (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Introduce the Paint Editor tool, using the following steps below:
  • Tap on the plus sign to add a character.

• • Select a character to edit or create one from ScratchJr using the Paint Editor tool.

• • Using the guide below, direct children through the Paint Editor

Expressive Explorations: (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Make your Teddy Bear 
• • Give children time to make a Teddy Bear character in ScratchJr.

Looking Ahead  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Tell the class that next time we will get to actually program the jump rope dance!
• Ask them what other songs and dances they think they could program. Each child can share an idea.

Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Recap the last lesson in which the children planned how they would program their Teddy Bear programs. Today we will actually be writing the program!
• Before they program it… chant and dance to the Teddy Bear rhyme again!
• Display the Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear Slide

Teddy bear, teddy bear, turn around.

Teddy bear, teddy bear, touch the ground.

Teddy bear, teddy bear, jump up high.

Teddy bear, teddy bear, touch the sky!

What is a Parameter?  (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Pull up the ScratchJr Block Cut Outs and point to the numbers at the bottom of the motion blocks.
• Explain that this number tells the ScratchJr character how many times to move. We can change this number instead of putting many of the same movement blocks next to each other.
• Explain that we call this number a parameter.
  • Parameter: Tells a computer how many times to do that action.

Structure Challenge

Parameters (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Explain how parameters work in ScratchJr
  • Select the block you wish to change the parameter on. Tap on the bubble with a number to use the keypad to change the number.

• The keyboard will appear on the right side of the screen.

• Use the keyboard to change the parameter (max two-digit number)

• Once they've entered the new parameter, tap anywhere on the screen and the keyboard will disappear.

• To relate to the current project, ask children what parameter they will use to make their Teddy Bear turn completely around. Children can solve this using trial and error (answer: 12).

Lesson 8 Check for Understanding: Before starting a new project, check your children’s understanding of the new concepts they’ve just learned. Read each question to the children and have the children respond with a thumbs up for “yes” or a thumbs down for “no.” Stop and re-explain concepts as needed.

Expressive Explorations:

• Program the Teddy Bear (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)
  • Take out tablets and remind children of any rules or procedures.
  • Remind children of the blocks we brainstormed last time, and get to work creating their own Teddy Bear program.

Share Creations  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children share their projects with the class.
• Review sharing procedures.
  • E.g., listening while others are presenting, complimenting each other's projects, asking each other questions.

Additional Activities

• Show children each of these programs and ask how many steps are in each program? What number could they make the parameter?

Design Process Song  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes) 

• Display the Design Process Anchor Chart on the screen
• Teach and sing the Design Process song

(to the tune of “Twinkle, Twinkle”)

Ask and imagine, plan and create,

Test and improve and share what we make.

(Repeat)

Introduce the Design Process  (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Explain the Design Process using the Design Process Anchor Chart. 

• Walk through the Design Process from the Teddy Bear project last class.
  • Ask: How can we program this dance on ScratchJr?
  • Imagine: Brainstormed movements.
  • Plan: Decided on the parameters we want to use and labeled our character.
  • Create: Make the character and the program.
  • Test and Improve: Were the parameters right? Do we need to make our character bigger?
  • Share: We shared at the end of class!

Your Own Design Process (Suggested Time: 30 minutes)

• Explain that the Design Process isn’t just for ScratchJr, it’s for making anything! Today they are going to get to choose what they design using the Design Process!
• Ask: Ask the children a question to serve as a prompt for their creation. For example, how strong can we make a tower out of building blocks, or what kind of butterfly house would be good for our playground? These creations can be done with recycled materials, craft supplies, building blocks, or other materials of your choosing, so select a prompt that aligns with the building materials you choose.
• Imagine: Break into small groups to brainstorm ideas for their projects.
• Plan: Ask the children at the end of the small group time to share their plans.
• Create: Give children time to use craft and recycled materials to make their creation!
• Test and Improve: Pause and ask children if their creations are following their plan? Are there any changes they want to make now that they’ve started actually making their project?
• Share: Go around and share creations as a class.

It’s a Cycle! (suggested time: 5 minutes)

• Ask the children if seeing everyone’s projects, and working on their own projects, gave them any ideas of new things they want to make!
• Remind the children that the Design Process is a cycle. Sharing just leads to more asking and more creating and then more sharing!

Virtual Learning

• Notify parents ahead of time that children will need craft supplies for this lesson.

Design Process Song (Suggested time: 5 minutes)

• Display the Design Process Anchor Chart on the screen
• Sing the Design Process song again! 

(to the tune of “Twinkle, Twinkle”)

Ask and imagine, plan and create,

Test and improve and share what we make.

(Repeat)

The Writing Process (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Discuss how authors go through a similar process with their writing.
• Show children the Design Process and Writing Process Anchor Chart. Explain to children that both are creative processes that require imagination, planning, creating, revising, feedback, and sharing. Both programmers and authors turn ideas into projects that are shared with others. Ask children what other activities require a process (e.g., cooking, painting, getting better at a sport, etc.).
• Discuss things that are the same and different between programmers and authors. Writing Process: Just as programmers use the Design Process to design and create projects, authors use the Writing Process to brainstorm ideas, write a draft, make revisions, and share their writing with others. The Writing Process is also a cycle - there’s no official starting or ending point, and you can move back and forth between steps!

A Computer Called Katherine (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Read A Computer Called Katherine together as a class.

Structure Challenge:

• Paint Editor Tool Refresher  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)
  • Remind children of the Paint Editor tool they used for their Teddy Bear programs in Lesson 7!

Expressive Explorations:

• Make Your Own Katherine on ScratchJr  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)
• Display a few scenes from the story for children to reference.
  • Ask the children questions about Katherine to gather details.
    • E.g..“What is Katherine wearing?” “Is your Katherine a child or a grownup”
• Children will begin designing their own Katherine using the Paint Editor tool.

Project Share (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Children share their projects with the class. Encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

Read Along Link

• Refer to A Computer Named Katherine Read Along, if the physical book cannot be accessed or if teaching in a virtual format.

A Computer Called Katherine (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Re-read the book.
• Ask children to focus on the different settings in the story.

Order Matters (Suggested time: 5 minutes)

• Teachers find and share specific scenes from the book with the class.
• Ask children to identify if the scene is in the beginning, middle, or end of the story. Have children put the scenes in order.

Structure Challenge:

Making Your Favorite Scene (Suggested time: 15 minutes)

• Introduce the change setting using the following steps:
  • Show children how to change the background in ScratchJr by tapping on the add background button. 

• • Select a background and tap on the check to add it to your page!

• Introduce the Repeat Forever block: Demonstrate that by adding the Repeat Forever block to the end of a character’s code will have that character run the code forever. 

Expressive Explorations: (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

Make Your Scene! 

• Have children pick one of the scenes that the class discussed earlier and program it!

Group Share  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Children share their one scene with the class.

Read Along Link

• Refer to A Computer Named Katherine Read Along, if the physical book cannot be accessed or if teaching in a virtual format.

One Sentence Story (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Explain to the children that a one sentence story is when each child gets to tell one piece of the story. Model it for the class (either with co-teachers or if only one teacher, narrate before each line that it’s a different person talking (e.g., “Then Jimmy says… Then Kayla says…”). 
• Teacher starts the story with Once upon a time there was a programmer.
• Children and teachers go around and each add one sentence to the story, ultimately ending with one story from the class.

A Computer Called Katherine (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Re-read and review with attention to the sequence of events. Use these prompts to guide the discussion:
  • Do you remember what happens next?
  • Based on what we have already read, why do you think that happened?

Flipping a Page  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Explain that during the one sentence story, we continued our story by adding one more sentence. With books and ScratchJr projects, you can continue the story by adding new pages.

Structure Challenge:

ScratchJr Pages  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Explain that to continue a story onto another page, add the red End Block with a picture of the next page to one of your programs. This creates a “Turn Page” program function. Use the steps below:
  • Add a new page.

• • Once you've added a new page the Go to Page block will appear in your red End Block palette.

• • Add the Go to Page Block at the end of your program on the first page for the pages to change after the program is done.

• To remove a page, press and hold your finger on the numbered page that you’d like to remove. A red “x” will appear at the top of the numbered page block. Tap the “x” to remove the page. See example below:

• Review Parameters. Explain how it works in ScratchJr using the steps below:
  • Select the block you wish to change the parameter on. Tap on the bubble with a number to use the keypad to change the number.

• • The keyboard will appear on the right side of the screen.
  • Use the keyboard to change the parameter (max two-digit number).

• • Once you’ve entered the new parameter, tap anywhere on the screen and the key will disappear.

• Introduce the Grid tool to guide children on what number to choose for their parameters. The Grid tool shows us how many ScratchJr steps we’re taking!

• To remove the Grid tool, click on the same icon again.  

Lesson 12 Check for Understanding: Before starting a project, check your children’s understanding of the new concepts they’ve just learned. Read each question to the children and have the children respond with a thumbs up for “yes” or a thumbs down for “no.” Stop and re-explain concepts as needed.

Expressive Explorations:

Adding to Your Story  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Recall our first program from Lesson 6: Blast Off! Explain how they can now use the Grid tool and the parameters to help Katherine plan the path for the rocket.
• Have children program a new page to their Katherine scene from last class. This page will be a program for Katherine’s rocket path. Have children use the Go to Page Block to flip pages on their story.

Share stories  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Have children share their stories and make sure everyone sees both pages. Encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

Read Along Link

• Refer to A Computer Named Katherine Read Along, if the physical book cannot be accessed or if teaching in a virtual format.

Programmer Says: Size Edition! (Suggested Time: 10 minutes) 

• Use the ScratchJr Block Cut Outs Size Edition for this activity.
• Like we have played before, Programmer Says is just like Simon Says but the Programmer is telling us what to do. In this edition of the game, the instructions children will be given by the programmer should center on size. 
• Briefly introduce each programming instruction and what it means (use only the blocks listed in the ScratchJr Block Cut Outs Size Edition). 
• Have the class stand up. Hold up one big ScratchJr Block Cut Outs at a time and say, “Programmer says to (Name Motion).” Intermittently, hold up the block and say “(Name Motion)” without saying “Programmer Says.” Children should complete the motion when the programmer says to, but should remain still when the teacher does not say “Programmer says.” Repeat each block multiple times. 

Sizing and Hiding (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Explain that growing, shrinking, and hiding are all examples of changing the appearance, or the way something looks. Just like the children changed their own appearance, they will learn how to make things grow, shrink, hide, and show on ScratchJr.

Structure Challenge

Appearance Blocks (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Introduce Hide/Show Blocks: Demonstrate that adding a Hide Block to a character’s code will make them disappear! You can make them reappear using a Show Block. 

• Then use the Grow/Shrink Blocks to show how a character can look as it grows during its lifespan. 

• Introduce the Reset Size Block: Demonstrate that by adding a Reset Size Block to a character's code will have your character return back to its original size.

• Parameters on Size Blocks:
  • Tell children that the size blocks also have parameters, just like the motion blocks. Instead of counting ScratchJr steps, these parameters tell you how many times to get bigger. 
  • Demonstration (or verbal example if balloon is not available): Tell children the parameters on size blocks are like blowing into a balloon. 
    • Ask the children to choose a number for your balloon parameter, then have them practice counting to that number. Everytime they count, blow a little more into the balloon. Then have them count to that number again, this time letting a little air out each time so the balloon shrinks! 
    • Tell them that the parameter blocks let us make many different sizes for our characters, not just a small and a big. We can control how much the character grows with the parameters! 

• Now bring it back to the story! Say that we can use these blocks to show Katherine growing. Tell children that they will be programming a new part of their Katherine stories-when Katherine is young! 

Expressive Explorations

Add Appearance Blocks (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Have children create a new page or change an existing page to tell the story of Katherine growing up, encourage them to add appearance blocks (Hide/Show, Grow/Shrink, Reset Size) to show that she’s younger in the first part of the story! 

L13 Design Journal

• Have children circle and draw which blocks they used in their Katherine stories and which blocks go at the beginning, middle, and end of their programs!

Project Share (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Have children share how they used the appearance blocks in their projects. Encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

Example Projects

Here is a brief selection of example projects. We've included examples from adults to show the range of possibilities that this project offers.

Design Process Song

• Remind the children of the Design Process song and sing it again as a class!  
• Display the Anchor Chart for Design Process

(to the tune of “Twinkle, Twinkle”)

Ask and imagine, plan and create,

Test and improve and share what we make.

(Repeat)

Test and Improve (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Show the design process chart again and remind children of the steps for making a ScratchJr Project: Ask, Imagine, Plan, Create, Test and Improve, Share! Today we will be learning about how to Test and Improve!
• Tell children that we need to test our programs to see if they follow our plan, and if they don’t… we need to improve! 

Debugging (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• When programs don’t follow the plan, we call that a BUG, and improving is called debugging. 
• Debugging is a word used in computer science to describe when people find problems in their computer programs and try to solve the problem in different ways. Discuss with children about how to encounter problems. Programmers go through the iterative process of debugging to find and fix problems. 
• Remind children of how Katherine went over all the numbers again to fix bugs, and that we can do the same with our work!

Debug the Teacher  (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Children give instructions to “program” the teacher to have the teacher do something.
  • E.g., How to draw a house.
• When children give instructions, they’ll need to be very specific for the teacher to complete the program. 
• If instructions are not clear, do it “wrong” based on instructions (e.g., if children say “draw a square,” teacher just makes a shape in the air until children say, “get a pen and paper”).
• Children will have to debug their instructions when they are wrong.

Structure Challenge

ScratchJr Problems  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes) 

• Pull up your buggy project and explain to children what your plan was (e.g., what you want it to do). Then show the children the project and point out a few things that aren’t working like you wanted them to. 
• Recreate this program in ScratchJr.
• Explain to the children that your plan for Cat was to move to the right twice and get smaller. 
• Play your buggy project for the children. 
• Have children take turns raising their hand and debugging things in your project. Make sure to stop and play the program after each change. Tell children that you are testing. Remind them that that was part of our Design Process! 

Group Reflection  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes) 

• Have children think about a time that they made something that didn’t turn out like they planned! Have each child share their story and one thing they did, or would do, to improve/debug what they made! 

Red Light, Green Light! (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Explain that today we will be playing Red Light, Green Light. If space allows, have children line up at the “start line” and establish an “finish mark” in the room. Explain that when you say “green light,” the children should start walking towards the “finish mark” And when you say “red light,” they should stop walking. If a child does not start on “green light” or does not stop on “red light,” then that child is out and should return to their seat. Be sure to repeat the same instructions various times in a row, as well as switch it up intermittently. 

If and only If!  (Suggested time: 15 minutes)

• Discuss the game Red Light, Green Light.
• In the game, we have to pay attention to what the teacher says. Depending on if they say “red light” or “green light,” we do different things. 
• Some things we can only do if something else happens. Like, if we start dancing on green light when it’s actually a red light, we can get out of the game. So, it’s important to check before we act! 
• Discuss other examples of things that can only happen after we check for something else. 
  • Pretend you’re playing Tag. If and only if you get tagged, you become “It.” 
  • Pretend you want to read A Computer Called Katherine. If and only if the book is in the library, can you check it out. 
  • Pretend you’re playing Freeze Dance. If and only if the music plays, can you dance. 
  • What other examples can you come up with?

Structure Challenge

Start on Tap Block (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Demonstrate that using this block at the beginning of a program makes a character act out its program only after you’ve tapped the character on the screen. Show this in presentation mode to clearly demonstrate the difference between Start on Tap Block and Start on Green Flag Block.
• Connect it to If and only ifs! When you have the Start on Tap Block in your program, if and only if you tap on the character, the program will go! 

Expressive Explorations 

Finishing Our Project (Suggested time: 10 minutes)

• Tell children that today is the last day of Katherine Projects! The last thing they will do to work on the project is practice using Start on Tap in their story!

Project Share (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Have children share their Katherine projects and show where they added the Start on Tap Block into their project. Encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

Activity Variation 

• Red Light, Green Light: Instead of having children line up and walk, they will stand up and dance in place. Explain that when you say “green light,” the children should dance and when the teacher says “red light,” the children should quickly stop dancing. If a child does not start on “green light” or does not stop on “red light,” then that child is out and should quietly sit down. Be sure to repeat the same instructions various times in a row, as well as switch it up intermittently. 

Fast Forward! (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Have children clap at different speeds (fast, slow). Then, have children try to say the tongue twister “she sells seashells by the seashore” both fast and slow.

Racing Rules (Suggested time: 5 minutes)

• Discuss with your children the rules and elements of a race.
  • What are the core elements in a race (starting point, race distance, etc.)?

Structure Challenge

Preparing Our Race (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

1. Introduce the Speed block.
2. Using the Set Speed Block, characters in ScratchJr can be made to move at different speeds (fast, regular, slow, also called “run, walk, crawl”). You can introduce the Set Speed Block and demonstrate how to use it on the ScratchJr application.
3. Review how to use grid tool.
4. To remove the grid tool, click on the same icon again.
5. Introduce the Go to Start block. This block will be helpful for children as their racers will need to return to the starting point after the race.

Check for Understanding

Before starting a project, check your children’s understanding of the new concepts they’ve just learned. Read each question to the children and have the children respond with a thumbs up for “yes” or a thumbs down for “no.” Stop and re-explain concepts as needed.

Expressive Explorations

It’s a Race - ScratchJr (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Children should use the Grid tool to make sure all characters are starting at the same spot. Review the rules of a race: 
  • To be fair - All racers start on the same spot and travel the same distance to the finish line.
  • Racers should return to start using the Go to Start Block when they finish the race.
    

Project Share  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children share their It’s a Race projects with the class.
  • Children can guess which character they think will win the race, count out loud how many children think each character will win!  
  • Also encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

The Many Emotions (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Share pictures of 3 Different Feeling Faces (smiling, crying, angry) then ask children what these smiley faces are telling us? 

• Discuss with children - How do you know when your friends are happy? Sad? Angry?

Tools of Communication (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Display the Anchor Chart for Tools of Communication and talk about all the ways we can communicate our thoughts and feelings.
  • Words
  • Voices 
    • Discuss what’s the difference between words and voices; talk about how the way voices sound tell you something! 
  • Faces 
  • Bodies
• Ask if they can think of any other ways! ScratchJr? Numbers? Drawings? 

Express Yourself Activity (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Tell children that now you’re going to practice your Tools of Communication. Have the children get up and stand in a circle. Tell the children that you’re going to tell them a message and a tool and they will have to communicate that message with their tool! 
  • Messages: “I’m happy,” “Hi,” “I’m tired,” “I’m feeling silly.”
  • Tools: Voices, bodies, faces (leave out words for this activity, make it a silly movement activity!)

Structure Challenge

Express Yourself! (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Tell children that on ScratchJr, they can use words and voices to make their characters communicate! 
• Introduce the Say Block.
  • Children can use the Say Block to have their character say something. Tap on the Say Block to use the device keyboard to add in text. 

• Using the Play Recorded Sound Block:
  • In the Blocks Palette, click on the green sound symbol. Within that menu, click on the Play Recorded Sound Block with the dotted edge.

• • Tap on the button with the red dot to record your sound. When you’re done recording, push the same button with the red dot to stop recording. Then, tap on the check mark.

• • Now you have your own recorded sound to use in your program! Drag the new block that appeared (the microphone with a number next to it) into the programming area. Tap on it and let children listen to themselves.

• While you’re in the green block area, introduce the Pop Block. Remind children that different color blocks mean different things. Green means sound blocks! Demonstrate that by adding the Pop Block into a character’s code a “pop” noise will happen. If you don’t hear a “pop” sound when running your character’s code then check the volume on your device!

Expressive Explorations

Let Me Hear How You Feel? (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Have children program an expressive character using ScratchJr Cat. 
  • Have children practice using as many means of expression as possible, Play Recorded Sound Block, Say Block, etc.

Play Your Sound  (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Have a few children share their Let Me Hear How You Feel project with the class. Encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

Freeze Dance (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Using Freeze Dance Music or your preferred classroom music, play Freeze Dance. Freeze Dance is a great game to get children moving and engage their creativity.
• When music plays, children dance and when the music pauses, they must freeze immediately. As the teacher, control the music and press pause at will to make children freeze. Make sure you reinforce class norms around safety and being cautious with bodies.

Connecting Freeze Dance to Programming (Suggested time: 5 minutes)

• Discuss the rules and elements of a freeze dance (dancing while music plays, freezing when music stops)
  • In ScratchJr, how could we program the characters to dance and wait when the music stops?

Structure Challenge

Introduce Wait Block (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• The Wait Block programs your character to take a break or pause within the program. The number refers to less than a second. A Wait Block with a 10 number parameter will pause the program for 1 second.

Expressive Explorations

Program Your Own Freeze Dance (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• Have children program their own Freeze Dance. 
  • Children can explore using the Set Speed Block and Wait Block.
  • Remind children that it is important that all characters freeze at the same time.

Creation Share (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Children share their creations. Use these prompts to guide the sharing process:
  • What was difficult or easy about this project? 
  • If your program was set to music, would it be fast or slow music? 
  • What would you do differently if you could go back and edit?

Variation of Freeze Dance

• You can mix it up by having some fast music and slow music to incorporate the ideas from the blocks introduced during the last lesson. 

The Wheels on the Bus (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Sing and dance the Wheels on the Bus as a class.

Patterns & Repeat Loops (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• After singing two verses of the song, discuss with the class the repetitions they observed in the song. 
  • Ask the children what line we say over and over several times? 
  • Talk about how we made a pattern and then repeated that same pattern over and over again, as needed in the lyrics! 
  • Ask the children to imagine they’re teaching their friend the words to the song. Is there an easier way to tell them all the words without saying the same words so many times? 
  • Tell the children that there is! You can tell your friend to “Repeat” the line a certain number of times. Such as, “Repeat ‘Round and round’ 3 times!”

Structure Challenge 

Introduce Repeat Block (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Show children that just like with Wheels on the Bus, in ScratchJr you can either say every line one at a time, or you can say the steps once and then say “repeat!” Repeat means to do something again! Tell them that you can repeat in ScratchJr with the Repeat Block.
• Just like a parameter, a Repeat Block can save us time and room. Just like with Wheels on the Bus, telling your friend to repeat the line is more efficient and saves time! An example for ScratchJr, if we want a character to hide and show 20 times, imagine how long that will take us to drag each block 20 times! Instead, we can use a Repeat Block, which will repeat the hide and show code for us 20 times.

• Repeat Loops allows all blocks within the loop to repeat. They repeat as many times as the number parameter (in the picture above the blocks will repeat 4 times).
• Repeat Activity (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)
  • Make the connection to literacy: there are different ways of communicating the same message such as making a call, texting, sending letters.
  • Show a series of programs like the example one below, and ask the children to all make a new program that does the same thing, but uses a Repeat Block.

Lesson 19 Check for Understanding: Before starting free play, check your children’s understanding of the new concepts they’ve just learned. Read each question to the children and have the children respond with a thumbs up for “yes” or a thumbs down for “no.” Stop and re-explain concepts as needed.

Expressive Explorations

Free Play  (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Encourage children to explore and use the new block they just learned. 

Share Creations (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Children share about their free play experience. Use these guided prompts: 
  • How did you use the Repeat Block in your program?
  • What do you like or find interesting about your peers’ projects and how they used the Repeat Block? 
  • Do you have any questions about their projects?

Read Knuffle Bunny (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Read Knuffle Bunny
• While reading:
  • Notice the characters' expressions.
  • Pause to check for understanding. 
  • Discuss the different characters in the book and how they behave differently and have different feelings.

Order of Events (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Review the order of events in the story Knuffle Bunny. Show examples from the book.
• Pick 3 scenes to talk about and ask children where they belong in the story - beginning, middle, or end. Children will practice ordering the events in the story.

Expressive Exploration

Make Your Knuffle Bunny  (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• For our final project, we will be coding our own stories of Knuffle Bunny.
• Have children create their own special Knuffle Bunny in ScratchJr using the Paint Editor tool.

Challenge Sharing Time (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children share their Knuffle Bunny characters. Encourage children to compliment each other's projects or ask each other questions.

Read Along Link

• Refer to Knuffle Bunny Read Along, if the physical book cannot be accessed or if teaching in a virtual format.

Guess Who? (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Play a game of Guess Who? 
• If you know the students well enough, pick one in the classroom and give hints about them.
• Or use characters from one of the books or ScratchJr
  • E.g. Katherine - loves computing, machines
  • E.g. Kitten - orange, likes to be programmed

Final Project Introduction (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Ask the child to recall the beginning, middle, and end of Knuffle Bunny.
• Ask the children what they think Knuffle Bunny did while it was lost. 
• Tell the children that for their final project, they will change the middle of the story to be Knuffle Bunny’s story instead of Trixie’s. They have to imagine what Knuffle Bunny might have been doing while Trixie was looking for them!  Program Knuffle Bunny’s adventure!

Planning Time (Suggested Time: 15 minutes)

• As a class brainstorm new middles to the story, ask children if they want to keep the end the same? Or do they want to program new endings to their stories as well?
• Have children plan their own Knuffle Bunny story by drawing the beginning, middle, and end of their own story in their Lesson 21 Design Journal.

Expressive Explorations

Programming Final Project (Suggested Time: 15 minutes) 

• Children will begin to program their final project with three scenes (beginning, middle, end) to create the adventures of Knuffle Bunny.

Which scene did you choose? (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Have children share one of the scenes they’ve chosen to program!

Read Along Link

• Refer to Knuffle Bunny Read Along, if the physical book cannot be accessed or if teaching in a virtual format. 

Activity Variation

• Word Time: during brainstorming, write down children’s verbal responses to compile a class list of potential ideas or encourage children to take note of their own ideas.

Show What You Know! (20 minutes)

• Start off class with a quick check in of the children’s knowledge. This is the summative assessment for the curriculum. Hand out a copy of the Show What You Know Student Sheet or booklet to each child and project the teacher slides on the board. Read each question aloud and give children about 2 minutes per question, for more information see Show What You Know Information Sheet.

Expressive Explorations

Programming Final Project (Suggested Time: 20 minutes)

• Children will work on their projects. By the end of this session they should be finished with their projects.
• Encourage each child to include: 
  • Multiple pages with a beginning, middle, and end
  • Multiple characters
  • At least 7 different blocks

2 Stars and a Wish (Suggested Time: 5 minutes) 

• In pairs or small groups have children discuss their projects using the 2 stars and a wish feedback prompt: 
  • 2 stars are two things that went well 
  • 1 wish is one thing you want to do better

One Sentence Story (Suggested Time: 5 minutes)

• Teacher starts the story with “Once upon a time there was a Cat.”
• Children and teachers take turns adding one sentence to the story. Ultimately ending with one story from the class.

Collaboration is Key (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Discuss how when we create things as a community sometimes it means we create and build things together, like in the One Sentence Story, or other times it’s helping others when they need it. Programmers make things as a community both by working together and helping each other. Discuss some ways in which we have helped each other during these coding classes.
  

Collaboration Web (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Display a classroom collaboration web on the wall with pictures of children and have children draw lines or attach yarn to the pictures of other children who helped them. Children should start thinking about who helped them with their projects prior to coming up to the board. 
• Children can also draw pictures of the other child or write their initials if it is easier for children.

Thank you cards (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children will decide on two classmates who helped them and write them thank you cards.

Showing Gratitude (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Children will go around and show one thank you card they made, explaining why they want to thank that person.

Example Projects

Here is a brief selection of example projects. We've included examples from kindergarteners and adults to show the range of possibilities that this project offers.

Freeze Dance (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Using Freeze Dance Music or your preferred classroom music, play Freeze Dance. Freeze Dance is a great game to get children moving and engage their creativity. 
• When the Freeze Dance Music plays, children dance and when the music pauses, they must freeze immediately. As the teacher, control the music and press pause at will to make children freeze. Make sure you reinforce class norms around safety and being cautious with bodies.

Final Project Showcase (Suggested Time: 25 minutes)

• Children go around and share their projects.
• Use these guided questions: 
  • What does Knuffle Bunny do in your story?
  • Did you change the end of the story?
  • What are some of the blocks you used in your program?
• Encourage children to show their peers their code, compliment each other's projects, and ask each other questions.

The Future of Programming (Suggested Time: 10 minutes)

• Applaud and compliment children for all their great work on both their final projects, as well as throughout this class. 
• Discuss the future of programming with the whole class with these guided questions: 
  • What is their favorite thing that they have learned in ScratchJr? 
  • What project would they like to work on next? Or what skill would they want to learn next?
  • Looking bigger than ScratchJr, what piece of technology would they want to help invent or program?
• Explain that now that they have finished taking this class, they are the future of programming! That as they grow up they will continue to learn how they can take the ideas they have in their brains right now and make them real! 
• Ask children to sing and dance to a Clean Up Song one last time.

(sing to the tune of the Itsy Bitsy Spider)

We're turning off our tablets and putting them away

We had so much fun but we're finished for the day

We're using both our hands and we walk instead of run

We put away our tablets and now the song is done