APPROACHES TO TEACHING – Teaching@Tufts

Residents at Tufts' Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine hold a discussion before rounds at the emergency room in the Foster Hospital for Small Animals. (Alonso Nichols/Tufts University) — Residents at Tufts’ Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine hold a discussion before rounds at the emergency room in the Foster Hospital for Small Animals. (Alonso Nichols/Tufts University)

Across Tufts, teaching encompasses a variety of formats and spans many disciplines. The following collection of resources is designed to support your approach to working with a range of class sizes, course levels, and subjects. Many of these approaches will work as a framework for holistic course design, and some can also be adapted for use in single activities.

Lectures

While many lectures contain a core didactic component, the most effective also include interactivity to deepen students’ learning —

Interactive Lecturing (Teaching@Tufts)
Is the Classroom Lecture Becoming Extinct or Simply Evolving? (Tufts Faculty Blog)

Active Learning

Most of the approaches listed below involve active learning techniques. In addition the Active Learning page provides an introduction to the concept, an overview of available technologies, and examples of use by Tufts faculty:

Active Learning (Teaching@Tufts)

Discussion-Based Learning

In centering the classroom around students, Discussion-Based Learning allows the instructor to guide students in articulating their own understanding and in learning from their peers —

Discussion Based Teaching (Teaching@Tufts)

Peer Instruction

The phrase Peer Instruction has two meanings in higher education. One is the approach of facilitating students to learn from their peers. The other is the name of a specific instructional strategy using a sequence of scaffolded interactions —

Peer Instruction (Teaching@Tufts)
“Peer-Instruction” an overview of the specific instructional strategy involving students working individually then in small groups on conceptual questions (George Washington University)

Team-Based-Learning

Team-Based Learning is a framework for structured small-group learning, adaptable to large and small classes. This technique emphasizes student preparation, in-class assessment, and in-class student collaboration on solving applied problems —

Student-Driven Technologies for Team-Based Learning (Tufts Faculty Blog)
Team Based Learning – Examples & Recommendations (Yale)
Team-Based-Learning – What is it? (Vanderbilt)

Peer-Led Team Learning

In Peer-Led Team Learning small groups of students are guided by more advanced peers in working on carefully structured problems —

Peer-Led Team Learning (Carlton College)

Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL)

POGIL is a teaching pedagogy which fosters students’ sense of engagement and empowerment by placing an emphasis on developing process skills, and by using distinctive classroom materials and activities. It is a team-based-learning framework which emphasizes process skills —

Process-Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (Carlton College)
Implementing POGIL (The POGIL Project)

Problem-Based Learning

The technique of Problem-Based Learning uses real world problems to motivate students to learn new concepts, and build critical thinking and collaborative skills —

Problem Based Learning (University of Illinois)

Case-Based Learning

In Case-Based Learning, the course is designed around real-world situations. The cases typically are complex and focus on the role of a decision-maker grappling with a question or problem, the context of the problem, and supporting data or documentation —

Teaching by The Case Method (Harvard Business School)

Experiential Learning

Experiential Learning is based on the understanding that students learn ‘by doing’. This approach broadens the learning environment beyond the campus, allowing students to apply underlying content and theory, build relationships, engage in self-discovery, and practice reflection —

Experiential/Service Learning/Fieldwork Technologies (Teaching@Tufts)
What is Service Learning or Community Engagement? (Vanderbilt)
Ten Simple Rules Towards Healthier Research Labs (PLOS)

Team Teaching

Throughout your career you’ll likely engage at some point in co-teaching a course with one or more colleagues. This resource is designed to help you approach team teaching:

Teaching in Teams: A Planning Guide for Successful Collaborations (Stanford)

Flipped Classroom

Fundamental to the idea of a flipped classroom is the concept of engaging students in guided learning activities before class, which allows the instructor and students to use in-class time to collaboratively work on problems and advanced concepts —

Flipped Classroom (Teaching@Tufts)

Online Learning

Effective approaches to online learning include using available technologies to support student engagement and student-instructor interaction. Online learning can take place during a fully online course, or as part of an in-person course. Offering a course online brings a degree of flexibility when students and faculty are in remote locations, or need to work at different times —

Online Teaching (Teaching@Tufts)