Travellers in the Middle East Archive (TIMEA)– Rice Universty
From the web site: “The Travelers in the Middle East Archive (TIMEA) is a digital archive that focuses on Western interactions with the Middle East, particularly travels to Egypt during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. TIMEA offers electronic texts such as travel guides, museum catalogs, and travel narratives,photographic and hand-drawn images of Egypt, andinteractive GIS (Geographic Information Systems) maps of Egypt and Cyprus.” No downloadable GIS data, but lots of scanned historic maps that can be georeferenced in GIS or Google Earth.
Survey of Israel online data store
Including historical maps, travel maps, topographic maps, town maps and many more. Need to purchase. (the main web site for the Survey of Israel is http://www.mapi.gov.il/ (Hebrew)